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System design interview question

Design an LLM-powered enterprise search (RAG)

Hard · System design (HLD) · Company tags: OpenAI, NVIDIA

The prompt

"Design an internal search assistant. Employees ask questions in natural language — 'what is our parental leave policy in Germany?' — and get an answer drawn from company documents, with citations. The documents live across wikis, drives, ticket systems, and chat. Fifty thousand employees, and permissions vary per document."

What this round really tests

retrieval-augmented generation, where the model is the easy part and the retrieval and permissions are hard. The distinguishing content is: why retrieval quality dominates answer quality, the permission problem — a retrieved document the user is not allowed to see must never reach the model — and keeping an index fresh across many source systems.

Clarifying questions worth asking

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