System design interview question
"Design last-mile delivery. Packages arrive at a local depot overnight; in the morning you must assign them to drivers, build efficient routes, and deliver them during the day, handling failed deliveries and re-attempts. One depot handles 50,000 packages a day across 200 drivers."
routing and assignment optimization, and — more importantly — the judgment to recognize that the exact problem is NP-hard and that the engineering value lies in a good heuristic plus the ability to re-plan when reality diverges. Candidates who try to solve the vehicle routing problem optimally have misjudged the task.
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