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System design interview question

Design a performance appraisal system

Medium · System design (HLD)

The prompt

"Design a performance review system for a large company. Employees write self-assessments, managers write reviews, peers give feedback, and calibration meetings adjust ratings across teams. Then ratings feed compensation. Fifty thousand employees, all doing this in the same two-week window."

What this round really tests

workflow orchestration with strict, asymmetric access control — and it is chosen because the confidentiality rules are genuinely intricate. Who can see what, and when, changes at every stage: peer feedback may be anonymous, a manager's draft must be invisible to the employee, and calibration discussions must never be visible at all. Getting the visibility model wrong is a serious HR incident, not a bug.

Clarifying questions worth asking

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